The combination Cold-Wet/Cold-Dry Clothing System can be configured into two ensembles. The cold-wet ensemble is worn above 14°F (-10°C), and the cold-dry ensemble is worn below 14°F. The cold-dry ensemble protects down to -60°F (-51°C). The cold-wet configuration differs from the cold-dry in the number of layers and the choice of boots. The system uses layers of wool/cotton fabrics to trap air for insulation, and a water-repellent outer garment to maintain dryness.

Cold Weather Conditions

The use of cold weather clothing is affected by two types of weather conditions: wet and dry. These conditions are amplified by humidity coupled with temperature and wind velocity; high humidity (wet conditions), low humidity (dry conditions).

Cold-wet conditions occur when temperatures are near freezing and variations in day and night temperatures cause alternate freezing and thawing. This freezing and thawing is often accompanied by rain and wet snow, causing the ground to become muddy and slushy. During these periods troops should wear clothing which consists of a water-repellent, wind-resistant outer layer and inner layers with sufficient insulation to provide ample protection in moderately cold weather (above 14°F).

Cold-dry conditions occur when average temperatures are lower than 14°F. The ground is usually frozen and snow is usually dry, in the form of fine crystals. Strong winds cause low temperatures to seem colder and increase the need for protection of the entire body (windchill). During these periods, troops should have available additional insulating layers of clothing. This is particularly true when entering static situations form a period of strenuous exercise.

Components

Layer		Cold-Wet	Cold-Dry
Inner		wool/cotton undershirt and drawers, trouser suspenders are worn over the undershirt and support the drawers and all succeeding layers of trousers.
Intermediate	top	wool flannnel shirt is worn outside trousers for better control of ventilation.
	bottom	wool serge trousers	quilted nylon liner for field trousers
Outer	top	field coat with liner	field coat with liner, parka with liner
	bottom	field trousers
Headwear		helmet liner cap, winter hood
Handwear		black leather gloves with inserts, lightweight cotton work gloves, trigger finger mittern shells with inserts, arctic mitten set
Footwear		wool cushion sole socks, mickey mouse boots	wool cushion sole socks, bunny boots

References

• FM 31-70. 1968. Chapter 2.
• "Anthropometry of the Clothed US Army Ground Troop and Combat Vehicle Crewman" [pdf]